Fm 31 28 Fouo Special Forces Advanced Urban Combat 1 December 1999 25 [cracked] ◎ 〈Reliable〉

The principles of urban combat are based on the fundamentals of infantry combat, with an emphasis on the use of cover and concealment, suppressive fire, and precision targeting. Urban combat requires a high degree of situational awareness, adaptability, and flexibility.

The "For Official Use Only" marking is standard for documents that, while unclassified, contain sensitive operational details. In 1999, releasing detailed diagrams of how a U.S. Special Forces team clears a multi-story building or how they set up a covert urban hide site could compromise ongoing operations. Today, while the document is widely circulated in veteran and collector communities, the TTPs (Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures) within it must be viewed through a historical lens. The principles of urban combat are based on