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Emma's heart went out to each of them, and she knew that she had to do more to help. She began by volunteering at the shelter, assisting with daily tasks such as feeding, walking, and providing affection to the animals. But she soon realized that there was more to animal welfare than just caring for individual animals.

, on the other hand, is a philosophical and legal stance. It posits that animals have an inherent right to live free from human exploitation. From this perspective, animals aren’t "resources" for food, clothing, or entertainment; they are sentient beings with their own interests that deserve legal protection. Why It Matters Now

of animals, independent of their utility to humans. It asserts that animals should not be exploited for any human purpose—including food, clothing, or experimentation—regardless of how "humanely" they are treated. Cambridge University Press & Assessment 2. Core Frameworks for Animal Welfare